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汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2017, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (02): 183-189.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2017.02.011

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国免税新能源汽车目录中纯电动乘用车性能指标分析

李兴虎1 ，赵耀炜1 ，石 谦1 ，高润泽2 ，周炜 2   

  1. 1. 北京航空航天大学 交通科学与工程学院，北京 100191，中国； 2. 交通运输部 运输车辆运行安全技术交通行业重点实验室，北京 100088，中国
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-01 出版日期:2017-06-25 发布日期:2017-07-04
  • 作者简介:第一作者 / First author ：李兴虎 (1962—)，男 ( 汉 )，陕西，教授，E-mail: lxh@buaa.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    交通运输部运输车辆运行安全技术交通行业重点实验室开放基金项目 (KFKT2016-05)。

Analysis on performance index of battery electric passenger car in China’s tax-free NEV catalog

LI Xinghu1 , ZHAO Yaowei1 , SHI Qian1 , GAO Runze2 , ZHOU Wei2   

  1. 1. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191，China; 2. Key Laboratory of operation safety technology on transport vehicles, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088，China
  • Received:2017-03-01 Online:2017-06-25 Published:2017-07-04

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摘要：

为了评估技术水平，确定新设计车型关键技术参数以及制定相关政策，统计了中国政府 2014—2016 年发布的 9 批 275 个纯电动乘用车车型的主要性能指标，分析了这些指标的平均、最大和最小值，以及不同整备质量 m 的车型数量分布。参数范围是：100 km 能耗为 7.60~34.84 kWh，蓄电池组比能量为50.5~199.4 Wh/kg，蓄电池组总质量占车辆整备质量的占比 λ为 9.95%~31.65%，质量里程能耗为 78.05~225.90 Wh/(km·t)。其中，λ 的均值高达 21.43%，远高于传统汽车发动机占整备质量的占比；整备质量 m 小于1 t 的纯电动乘用车能耗高于政府要求；用100 km 能耗和质量里程能耗来评价不同 m 的纯电动乘用车，所得到的结论可能相反。因此，在制定纯电动乘用车能耗限值时，采用基于整备质量的分段限法。

关键词: 纯电动乘用车, 新能源车 (NEV) , 免税, 能耗限值, 蓄电池组比能量, 质量里程能耗

Abstract:

 This paper analyzed the key parameters for passenger battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to evaluate the technical level for different vehicle types, to determine the key technical parameters for new design vehicle type, and to make related policies. The data came from the 275 kinds of vehicle model from 9 batches of the catalogue of new energy vehicles (NEVs) from 2014 to 2016 with purchase-tax-exemption released by government. Analyzed the average, the maximum and the minimal value, as well as the quantity distribution with different curb mass (m) for passenger BEVs. As results, the energy consumption per 100 km is ranged at 7.60~34.84 kWh, the energy density of traction battery is 50.53~199.4 Wh/kg, the ratio (λ) is 9.95%~31.65% between traction battery gross mass and vehicle curb mass, and the consumption per mass-mileage-energy is 78.05~225.90 Wh·(km·t)-1; the ratio λ with an average value of 21.43% is much higher than the ratio between engine-mass and curb-mass for traditional-vehicles; the energy economy performances for BEVs within the mass segments of m ≤ 1 t are much higher than the value desired by Chinese government; it might make an opposite conclusion when evaluating BEVs energy consumption by using energy consumption per 100 km and by using mass-mileage-energy consumption. Therefore, it is recommend to adopt mass-based grouping limit or fitted straight-line method when regulate BEVs energy consumption.

Key words:  battery electric passenger vehicle, new energy vehicles (NEVs), purchase tax exemption, energy consumption limit, energy density of traction battery pack, mass-mileage-energy consumption