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汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2017, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (01): 46-52.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2017.01.005

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

车用胶粘接头机械性能的湿热老化与恢复

姚力1,2，夏勇2，周青2   

  1. 1. 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 前瞻技术研究部，上海201804，中国；
    2. 清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京100084，中国
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-19 出版日期:2017-03-23 发布日期:2017-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 夏勇（1976—），男（汉），安徽，副研究员，E-mail: xiayong@tsinghua.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:第一作者 / First author ： 姚力（1998—），男（汉），上海，工程师，E-mail: YaoLi01@saicmotor.com。 通讯作者 / Corresponding author ： 夏勇（1976—），男（汉），安徽，副研究员，E-mail: xiayong@tsinghua.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    上海市科学技术委员会资助课题（13DZ1107000）。

Hygrothermal degradation and recoverability of mechanical properties of epoxy adhesive joints for automotives

YAO Li 1,2, XIA Yong 2, ZHOU Qing 2   

  1. 1. Advanced Technology Department, SAIC Motor Corporation Limited, Shanghai 201804, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2016-09-19 Online:2017-03-23 Published:2017-03-23

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摘要：

汽车轻量化推动胶接技术在车身中的应用，但湿热的汽车服役环境对胶粘接头的力学性能存在不利影响。该研究利用试验方法揭示一种环氧胶黏剂及其接头的湿热老化规律，制作了单向拉伸和缺口拉伸形式的胶黏剂本体试样，以及双悬臂梁剥离和十字拉伸剥离形式的胶粘接头试样，比较了本体和接头的初始、湿热老化和恢复性能。结表明：胶黏剂本体的弹性模量、峰值应力、失效应变和能量吸收均随湿热老化而降低；烘烤除湿后，各性能恢复程度不一；湿热老化导致胶黏剂与母材界面的粘接强度降低，但在烘烤除湿后显著恢复。因而，在对湿热老化后粘接车身的强度进行分析时，要考虑胶本体和界面，并按最坏情形设计。

关键词: 汽车轻量化, 环氧胶黏剂, 湿热老化, 可恢复性, 界面

Abstract:

Automobile lightweight requires the adoption of adhesion technology. However, the hot-humid service environment poses a threat to the mechanical properties of structural adhesives. This experimental study uncovered the effect of hygrothermal degradation (HTD) and drying on an epoxy adhesive and its joint. The tests for uniaxial tensile, notched tensile, double cantilever beam peel and cross tensile peel were conducted to explore the performance of adhesive bulk and joint of varied HTD histories. The result shows that 1) HTD reduced bulk adhesive properties, such as elastic modulus, peak stress, failure strain and energy absorption; 2) Upon drying, elastic modulus and peak stress almost fully recovered; failure strain further decreased; energy absorption hardly restored; 3) HTD reduced the interfacial strength between adhesive and aluminum substrate leading to interfacial failure; 4) Upon drying, the interfacial strength significantly recovered. Therefore, it is suggested to design a bonded vehicle body per the worst case of hygrothermal degradation.

Key words: automobile lightweight, epoxy adhesive, hygrothermal degradation, recoverability, interface