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汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2016, Vol. 07 ›› Issue (04): 427-432.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2016.04.011

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

车用质子交换膜燃料电池系统-10℃低温启动实验研究

陈沛，陈雪松   

  1. 上海汽车集团股份有限公司前瞻技术研究部，上海201804 ；中国
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-18 出版日期:2016-12-25 发布日期:2016-12-28
  • 作者简介:陈沛 (1973 ─ )，男( 汉)，甘肃，高级工程师。Email: chenpei@saicmotor.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家“十二五”新能源汽车产业技术创新工程项目

Experimental investigation on -10 °C start performance of a PEM fuel cell power system for automotive application

CHEN Pei, CHEN Xuesong   

  1. Advanced Technology & Research, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation MOTOR Corporation Limited, Shanghai 201804, China
  • Received:2016-08-18 Online:2016-12-25 Published:2016-12-28

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摘要：

针对一款车用36 kW的质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 系统，进行了无外热源加热情况下-10 ℃环境舱冷启动实验研究。基于现有的系统架构、理论计算得到的电堆热量平衡，制定冷启动试验步骤，通过试验实现了燃料电池系统-10 ℃ 低温启动运行，验证了系统设计的有效性。通过分析-10 ℃启动运行过程中系统的输出特性和主要物理量随时间的变化情况，对系统结构和运行过程设计做了分析说明。本文不但分析了堆内单池的一致性，也考察了主要辅助系统零部件的冷启动试验中的可靠性。主要结论是：冷启动过程时的低温不但影响电堆冷启动的成功与否，也会对电堆的性能产生直接的影响。采取有效的方法使得电堆能够迅速升温是冷启动的关键

关键词: 汽车动力, 燃料电池系统, 车用质子交换膜燃料电池, 低温启动

Abstract:

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the cold start process of a 36 kW polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell system for automotive application in a climate chamber under -10 ℃. Based on the current system and test bench configuration, the time and energy required by the fuel cell system was calculated and the reasonable test procedures and control strategies were designed. The system design was validated by a successful -10 ℃ cold start. The system structure and operation process were specified through the analysis of the system output characteristics over the start-up processes. The nonuniform distribution of the individual cell voltage in the stack and the main components of auxiliary system were analyzed. The results show that the low temperature during the sub-zero start-up not only affects if the subzero start-up process completes, but also have a direct impact on the stack performance. It is the key effective method to heat up the stack rapidly during the sub-zero start-up process.

Key words: automobile power, fuel cell system, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), sub-zero start-up