面向新法规的的卡车驾驶室顶压性能提升

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.02.003

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 161-168.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.02.003

面向新法规的的卡车驾驶室顶压性能提升

朱海芸¹(), 柳青云², 李奇¹, 宋慧斌¹, 郭瑞武¹, 赵杨³

1.中国重型汽车集团汽车研究总院，济南 250000，中国
2.浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司，济南 250000，中国
3.清华大学苏州汽车研究院，苏州215000，中国

收稿日期:2022-10-25 修回日期:2023-09-11 出版日期:2024-04-30 发布日期:2024-04-27
作者简介:朱海芸（1992—），女（汉），山东，工程师。E-mail：zhuhaiyun1992@126.com。
基金资助:
超级节能型重型载货汽车混合动力系统开发研究项目(2017YFB0103500)

Improvement of roof strength of truck cab based on new regulations

ZHU Haiyun¹(), LIU Qingyun², LI Qi¹, SONG Huibin¹, GUO Ruiwu¹, ZHAO Yang³

1. Automobile Research Institute of SINOTRUK, Jinan 250000, China
2. Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China
3. Suzhou Automobile Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Suzhou 215000, China

Received:2022-10-25 Revised:2023-09-11 Online:2024-04-30 Published:2024-04-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

某重卡驾驶室在碰撞摸底试验中生存空间、顶部承载力均无法满足《商用车驾驶室乘员保护》（GB26512-2021）的要求。为了提高顶部承载力，增大乘员的头部生存空间，建立该驾驶室的侧压-顶压碰撞有限元分析（FEA）模型，并通过仿真与试验对标验证模型的有效性。根据车身框架结构能量传递和闭合腔体传力特点精准锁定A柱、后围、顶盖的薄弱部位并制定有效优化方案。结果表明：疏通A柱、顶盖和后围等关键传力路径，形成闭合腔体截面能有效提升顶部承压力，使驾驶室在满足生存空间的前提下，顶压承载力由70 kN提升至102 kN，承载性能提升了31.3%。该结构优化思路可为白车身结构设计开发提供理论指导。

关键词: 商用车驾驶室, 顶部强度, 结构优化, 有限元分析（FEA）模型

Abstract:

The survival space and top bearing capacity of a heavy truck cab in the crash test cannot meet the roof strength requirements in Protection of the Occupants of the Cab of Commercial Vehicl (GB 26512-2021). In order to improve the top bearing capacity and increase the survival space of the passengers, the finite element analysis (FEA) model of the side-top pressure impact of the cab was established, and the effectiveness of the model was verified by simulation and test benchmarking. According to the energy transmission characteristics of the body frame structure and the closed cavity, the weak parts such as A-pillar, rear wall and roof were locked accurately, and the effective optimization plan was formulated. The result shows that dredging the key force transmission paths such as the A-pillar, roof and rear wall, and forming a closed cavity section can effectively improve the roof strength, so that the top bearing capacity of the cab can be increased from 70 kN to 102 kN under the premise of satisfying survival space, the carrying capacity has increased by 31.3%. The structural optimization idea can provide theoretical guidance for the design and development of body structure.

Key words: commercial vehicle cab, roof strength, structure optimization, finite element analysis model (FEA)

中图分类号:

U463.83

朱海芸, 柳青云, 李奇, 宋慧斌, 郭瑞武, 赵杨. 面向新法规的的卡车驾驶室顶压性能提升[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(2): 161-168.

ZHU Haiyun, LIU Qingyun, LI Qi, SONG Huibin, GUO Ruiwu, ZHAO Yang. Improvement of roof strength of truck cab based on new regulations[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(2): 161-168.

图/表 20

图1 驾驶室有限元模型

图2 侧压-顶压加载示意图

图3 系统验证曲线

图4 试验与仿真变形对比

图5 顶部加载力对比曲线

图6 驾驶室总成吸能量曲线

图7 截面力输出位置示意图

图8 顶压时B柱截面力曲线

图9 顶压时左侧A柱变形图

图10 顶压时A柱截面力曲线

图11 后围变形示意图

图12 顶压时后围截面力

图13 侧压时顶盖截面力曲线

图14 顶盖变形示意图

图15 新增加强件结构示意图

图16 改进后驾驶室闭合腔体截面示意图

图17 改进后驾驶室变形

图18 顶部加载力曲线

图19 顶压力为98 kN时驾驶乘员生存空间测量结果图

图20 认证试验结果

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面向新法规的的卡车驾驶室顶压性能提升

Improvement of roof strength of truck cab based on new regulations

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