基于协同仿真的汽车机构耐久性仿真系统设计与应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.05.006

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 716-724.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.05.006

基于协同仿真的汽车机构耐久性仿真系统设计与应用

邵龙飞¹(), 孟焱¹, 庞欢¹^,^*(), 王道成², 宋攀琨², 叶志强³

1.长安大学汽车学院，西安 710064，中国
2.比亚迪汽车有限公司，西安 710075，中国
3.比亚迪汽车工业有限公司，深圳 518100，中国

收稿日期:2025-03-18 修回日期:2025-05-12 出版日期:2025-10-31 发布日期:2025-11-10
通讯作者: *庞欢，副教授。E-mail：panghuan@chd.edu.cn。
作者简介:邵龙飞（2000—），男（汉），河南，硕士研究生。E-mail：2023122057@chd.edu.cn。
基金资助:
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBMS-371)

Design and application of durability simulation system for automotive mechanism based on co-simulation

SHAO Longfei¹(), MENG Yan¹, PANG Huan¹^,^*(), WANG Daocheng², SONG Pankun², YE Zhiqiang³

1. Chang’an University, School of Automobile, Xi’an 710064, China
2. BYD Auto Company Limited, Xi’an 710075, China
3. BYD Auto Industry Company Limited, Shenzhen 518100, China

Received:2025-03-18 Revised:2025-05-12 Online:2025-10-31 Published:2025-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高汽车机构耐久性评估的效率和精度，针对汽车机构耐久性评估中零部件渐变损伤累积与性能退化的非线性耦合难题，设计了基于协同仿真的汽车机构耐久性仿真系统。通过构建动力学响应提取-损伤建模-参数更新的闭环迭代机制，实现了损伤演化与机构性能退化的动态耦合分析；设计了包含数据库、协同仿真和耐久性评估等核心功能模块，对某型汽车悬架机构进行了耐久性评估。结果表明：相较于定步长迭代计算方式，该系统采用变步长迭代计算得到的故障车辆悬架机构下球碗磨损深度评估精度提高了 21.2% ~ 28.3%，该系统可为汽车机构耐久性设计提供高精度、高效率的数字化解决方案。

关键词: 汽车机构, 悬架机构, 动态耦合分析, 协同仿真, 损伤累积, 机构耐久性

Abstract:

A co-simulation-based durability simulation system was developed based on the nonlinear coupling between gradual damage accumulation and performance degradation of components to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of durability evaluations for automotive mechanisms. This system constructed a closed-loop iterative process which involved dynamic response extraction, damage modeling, and parameter updating, and enabled dynamic coupling analysis of damage evolution and performance degradation. The system integrated key functional modules, which included a database, co-simulation, and durability evaluation, to assess the durability of a specific suspension mechanism. The results show that, compared to fixed-step iterative methods, the variable-step iterative approach improves the accuracy of wear depth evaluation for the lower ball bowl of a faulty vehicle suspension by 21.2% to 28.3%, demonstrating that the system provides a high-precision and high-efficiency digital solution for the durability design of automotive mechanisms.

Key words: automotive mechanism, suspension system, dynamic coupling analysis, co-simulation, damage accumulation, mechanical system durability

中图分类号:

TP391
V215

邵龙飞, 孟焱, 庞欢, 王道成, 宋攀琨, 叶志强. 基于协同仿真的汽车机构耐久性仿真系统设计与应用[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2025, 16(5): 716-724.

SHAO Longfei, MENG Yan, PANG Huan, WANG Daocheng, SONG Pankun, YE Zhiqiang. Design and application of durability simulation system for automotive mechanism based on co-simulation[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2025, 16(5): 716-724.

图/表 15

图1 机构耐久性仿真流程图

图2 系统总体结构框架图

图3 数据库模块架构图

图4 机构协同仿真模块架构图

图5 机构耐久性评估模块功能

图6 维护效果评价模块构架

图7 耐久性仿真数据流程

图8 不同迭代算法原理图

图9 变步长算法流程图

图10 悬架机构示意图

车辆编号	道路类型	行驶里程/ (10⁴km)	行驶时间/h	比例
a	平坦公路	2.00	333.33	0.561 8
a	崎岖山路	0.78	260.00	0.438 2
b	崎岖山路	1.00	333.33	0.529 1
b	平坦公路	1.78	296.67	0.470 9

表1 工况参数配置表

图11 定步长迭代计算方式下a号和b号车球碗磨损深度

图12 定步长迭代计算方式下a和b号车旋转铰磨损深度

图13 a号车球碗磨损深度对比

图14 跑车试验a车球碗磨损状态

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基于协同仿真的汽车机构耐久性仿真系统设计与应用

Design and application of durability simulation system for automotive mechanism based on co-simulation

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