一种准零刚度悬置系统的隔振负刚度特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.04.008

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 667-675.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.04.008

一种准零刚度悬置系统的隔振负刚度特性

杜宪峰¹(), 马西阳¹, 隋曦², 王云龙², 石运序¹

1.烟台大学新能源汽车电驱技术创新中心，烟台 264005，中国
2.烟台兴业机械股份有限公司，烟台 264005，中国

收稿日期:2022-10-15 修回日期:2022-11-26 出版日期:2022-12-31 发布日期:2023-01-01
作者简介:杜宪峰(1984—)，男(汉)，山东，副教授。E-mail：ifengdoo@ytu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
烟台市科技创新发展计划：面向高端工程机械多路阀数字液压设计及集成系统研发(2021YT06000013)

Characteristics of negative stiffness of vibration isolation for a quasi-zero stiffness suspension system

DU Xianfeng¹(), MA Xiyang¹, SUI Xi², WANG Yunlong², SHI Yunxu¹

1. Yantai University New Energy Vehicle Electric Drive Technology Innovation Center, Yantai 264005, China
2. Yantai Xingye Machinery CO., Ltd, Yantai 264005, China

Received:2022-10-15 Revised:2022-11-26 Online:2022-12-31 Published:2023-01-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为改善矿山运人车辆行驶过程中驾乘人员舒适性，针对矿山运人车辆低频大幅振动特点，提出一种基于磁环式负刚度机构与正刚度弹簧机构并联的准零刚度悬置系统。基于等效磁荷法建立负刚度解析模型，分析其磁负刚度作用机理；基于Maxwell软件建立磁环式负刚度机构仿真模型，分析导磁装置、磁体几何参数、充磁方向和磁环剩磁强度对磁环式负刚度机构的影响；并以矿山运人车辆厢体开展准零刚度悬置系统应用匹配研究。结果表明：悬置系统在受到静力时具有大的承载能力，在受到激振力时具有小的动态刚度；磁环式负刚度机构有利于实现悬置系统“高静低动”特性，对于新型悬置系统设计具有重要应用价值。

关键词: 悬置系统, 隔振机理, 准零刚度, 隔振器

Abstract:

A quasi-zero stiffness suspension system was proposed with a parallel connection of magnetic ring negative stiffness mechanism and positive stiffness spring to improve rider comfort during driving of mine passenger vehicles by aiming at the characteristics of low-frequency and large-amplitude vibration of mine transport vehicles. An analytical model of negative stiffness was derived by equivalent magnetic charge method to investigate the magnetic negative stiffness mechanism. Based on Maxwell software, a simulation model of the magnetic ring negative stiffness mechanism was established to analyze the effects of the magnetic conductivity device, magnet geometry parameters, magnetizing direction and remanent magnetic strength on the magnetic negative stiffness mechanism. The application matching research of the quasi-zero stiffness suspension system was carried out by taking a body of mine transport vehicle as an example. The results show that the suspension system has a large load-bearing capacity when subjected to static forces and a small dynamic stiffness when subjected to excitation forces. The magnetic negative stiffness mechanism is conducive to realize the high static and low dynamic characteristics of the suspension system, and has important application value for the design of new suspension systems.

Key words: suspension system, vibration isolation mechanism, quasi-zero stiffness, vibration isolator

中图分类号:

TK402

杜宪峰, 马西阳, 隋曦, 王云龙, 石运序. 一种准零刚度悬置系统的隔振负刚度特性[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(4): 667-675.

DU Xianfeng, MA Xiyang, SUI Xi, WANG Yunlong, SHI Yunxu. Characteristics of negative stiffness of vibration isolation for a quasi-zero stiffness suspension system[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2022, 13(4): 667-675.

图/表 17

图1 2磁环同轴放置示意图

图2 磁环式准零刚度隔振器简图

图3 中磁环M2轴向磁力—位移曲线

磁环参数	上磁环	中磁环	下磁环
外环半径，R / mm	30	30	30
内环半，r / mm	10	10	10
厚度，l / mm	20	20	20
剩磁，B_r / T	1.15	1.15	1.15

表1 磁环参数

图4 轴向充磁下磁通密度图和磁场强度图

图5 轴向磁力公式解析解和仿真数值解

图6 不同导磁装置参数下轴向磁力-位移曲线

图7 改变上下磁环内外半径条件下的轴向磁力-位移曲线

图8 改变磁环厚度条件下轴向磁力-位移曲线

图9 不同中磁环外环半径下的轴向磁力—位移曲线

图10 不同磁环间距下的轴向磁力—位移曲线

图11 不同剩磁强度及不同充磁方向下轴向磁力—位移曲线

图12 磁环式准零刚度隔振器

图13 悬置结构与位置示意图

悬置位置	m / kg	K_x / (N·mm^-1)
#1	490	40.11
#2	430	35.20
#3	380	31.11
#4	320	26.20
#5	480	39.29
#6	420	34.38
#7	360	29.47
#8	310	25.38

表2 各位置悬置承载及刚度

磁环参数	上磁环	中磁环	下磁环
外环半径, R / mm	69	69	69
内环半径, r / mm	10	10	10
厚度, l / mm	20	20	20
剩磁, B_r / T	1.15	1.15	1.15

表3 磁环式负刚度机构设计参数

图14 磁环式准零刚度悬置系统的力—位移曲线

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一种准零刚度悬置系统的隔振负刚度特性

Characteristics of negative stiffness of vibration isolation for a quasi-zero stiffness suspension system

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