冷凝条件对PEMFC混合工质ORC系统性能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.04.014

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 551-556.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.04.014

冷凝条件对PEMFC混合工质ORC系统性能的影响

李青山¹(), 汪春梅¹, 汪陈芳¹, 时礼宁¹, 诸葛伟林², 张扬军²^,^*()

1.合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,合肥 230009,中国
2.汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,清华大学, 北京 100084,中国

收稿日期:2021-05-14 出版日期:2021-12-31 发布日期:2022-01-10
通讯作者: 张扬军
作者简介:* 张扬军（1967—）,男（汉）,湖北,教授。E-mail: yjzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn。
李青山（1992—）,男（汉）,山东,硕士研究。E-mail: lqshan92@163.com。
基金资助:
安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1908085ME137)

Influence of the condensation conditions on PEMFC with ORC condenser using zeotropic fluids

LI Qingshan¹(), WANG Chunmei¹, WANG Chenfang¹, SHI Lining¹, ZHUGE Weilin², ZHANG Yangjun²^,^*()

1. School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2021-05-14 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-01-10
Contact: ZHANG Yangjun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高氢质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC）能量利用率,提出以R245fa/R123混合工质有机 Rankine循环（ORC）作为冷却系统并回收PEMFC余热。使用Aspen Plus软件建立ORC混合系统模型,通过固定冷凝温度、固定冷凝压力等不同限制条件,分析了混合工质R245fa的混合质量分数对系统性能的影响。结果表明：混合比R245fa / R123 = 0.6 / 0.4的工质,在冬季工况和固定冷凝压力101.3 kPa时,余热回收率最高,分别为10.90 %和11.08 %;非共沸混合工质相对纯工质有较强的工况适应性,通过调整混合比,可在不同工况下充分回收PEMFC余热。

关键词: 氢燃料电池（PEMFC）, 混合工质, 有机 Rankine循环（ORC）, 冷凝条件

Abstract:

An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with R245fa/R123 zeotropic mixture as cooling system to recover the waste heat of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was proposed to improve the energy utilization factor. An ORC hybrid system was established using Aspen Plus software. The influence of the mass fraction of zeotropic fluids R245fa on ORC system performance was analyzed by fixing the condensing temperature and pressure etc. The results show that R245fa/R123 with mixing ratio of 0.6 / 0.4 has the highest waste heat recovery at winter and 101.3 kPa at fixed condensation pressure, which are 10.90% and 11.08%, respectively. Zeotropic mixtures have better working condition adaptability than pure components. By adjusting the mixing ratio, the waste heat of PEMFC can be fully recovered under different working conditions.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), zeotropic mixture, organic Rankine cycle(ORC), condensation conditions

中图分类号:

TK115

李青山, 汪春梅, 汪陈芳, 时礼宁, 诸葛伟林, 张扬军. 冷凝条件对PEMFC混合工质ORC系统性能的影响[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2021, 12(4): 551-556.

LI Qingshan, WANG Chunmei, WANG Chenfang, SHI Lining, ZHUGE Weilin, ZHANG Yangjun. Influence of the condensation conditions on PEMFC with ORC condenser using zeotropic fluids[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2021, 12(4): 551-556.

图/表 8

图1 PEMFC-ORC系统图

图4 3种工质露点和沸点曲线及涡轮出口压力曲线

图2 纯组分工质及非共沸混合工质温熵图

工质	R123	R245fa
化学式	CF₃CHCl₂	CF₃CH₂CHF₂
分子量	156	134
临界温度 / ℃	184	154
临界压力 / MPa	3.67	3.65
沸点 / ℃	28	15
臭氧损耗潜力（ODP）	0.012	0
全球变暖潜能值(GWP) / (100 a)	120	950
工质类型	干工质	干工质

表1 R123、R245fa工质的物理性质

工况	θ_S4	θ_S1 / ℃	θ_C1 / ℃	θ_C2 / ℃
冬季	θ_tur	20	10	18
常温	θ_tur	35	25	33
夏季	θ_tur	40	30	38

表2 冷凝器进出口温度

图3 不同工况下ORC功率及效率随R245fa质量分数的变化

图5 不同质量分数混合工质ORC功率及ORC效率变化

图6 不同质量分数混合工质下ORC功率及效率曲线

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冷凝条件对PEMFC混合工质ORC系统性能的影响

Influence of the condensation conditions on PEMFC with ORC condenser using zeotropic fluids

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