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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 886-895.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.06.008

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦淀粉-丙烯酰胺双交联凝胶在柔性锌-空气电池中的应用

王恒威1(), 王克亮1,2,*(), 魏满晖3, 陈云祥1, 刘汉超1, 裴普成2   

  1. 1.北京理工大学 机械与车辆学院，北京 100081，中国
    2.清华大学，智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室，北京 100084，中国
    3.军事科学院 防化研究院，北京 102205，中国
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-27 修回日期:2025-10-21 出版日期:2025-12-31 发布日期:2026-01-12
  • 通讯作者: * 王克亮，长聘副教授。E-mail：wangkl@bit.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王恒威（1996—），男（汉），安徽，博士研究生。E-mail：hwwang93@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    清华大学智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室开放基金项目(KFZ2402);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52476175);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52506292)

Application of wheat starch-acrylamide dual-crosslinked hydrogel in flexible zinc-air batteries

WANG Hengwei1(), WANG Keliang1,2,*(), WEI Manhui3, CHEN Yunxiang1, LIU Hanchao1, PEI Pucheng2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3. Institute of Chemical Defense, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 102205, China
  • Received:2025-09-27 Revised:2025-10-21 Online:2025-12-31 Published:2026-01-12

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摘要： 为了突破柔性锌-空气电池电解质成本高、保水性差和界面不稳定等瓶颈，该文提出小麦淀粉-丙烯酰胺双交联策略以构筑低成本高性能的新型电解质。通过材料表征、电化学测试以及量子化学计算，评估其结构和电化学性能，并揭示性能提升机理。结果表明：相比于聚丙烯酰胺凝胶，该凝胶12 h 保水率为81.7%，相应提升了 16%；断裂应变 135%，提高81%；离子电导率为 375 mS/cm，提升 69%；放电功率密度175 mW/cm2，提高 48%；所组装的柔性锌-空气电池循环寿命大于45 h，延长了 2 倍。该文提出的双交联策略通过构建连续亲水离子通道并增强界面润湿性，实现了保水性、机械强度、离子传导与电化学稳定性的显著提升，为柔性锌-空气电池的发展提供了优化解决方案。

关键词: 柔性电池, 双交联, 凝胶电解质, 小麦淀粉, 循环寿命

Abstract:

A dual-crosslinking strategy, in which wheat starch and acrylamide was used to construct a low-cost and high-performance gel electrolyte, was proposed to overcome the challenges of high cost, poor water retention, and interfacial instability of electrolytes in flexible zinc-air batteries,. Material characterization, electrochemical testing, and quantum chemical calculations were employed to evaluate its structural and electrochemical properties and to elucidate the mechanisms of performance enhancement. The results demonstrate that, in comparison with polyacrylamide gel, the developed gel exhibits a water retention rate of 81.7% after 12 hours, representing a 16% improvement; a fracture strain of 135%, indicating an 81% enhancement; an ionic conductivity of 375 mS/cm, reflecting a 69% increase; and a discharge power density of 175 mW/cm2, showing a 48% rise. Furthermore, the cycling stability of the assembled flexible zinc-air battery exceeds 45 hours, indicating a twofold enhancement in operational lifespan. This dual-crosslinking strategy, which forms continuous hydrophilic ion channels and enhances interfacial wettability, significantly improves water retention, mechanical strength, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability, thereby offering an optimization solution for the development of flexible zinc-air batteries.

Key words: flexible battery, dual crosslinking, gel electrolyte, wheat starch, cycling life

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