仿生四叶草型翅片液冷板与传热特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

温度和压降作为电池热管理的2个重要影响因素，对改善电池散热性能具有十分重要的意义。为进一步改善电池的散热性能，降低压降的同时使温度分布更加均匀，该文提出了一种仿生四叶草型翅片模型，并基于计算流体动力学（CFD）对基础模型进行了优化。分析冷板的进出口设计结构及基础模型中圆形翅片的尺寸的作用，并将基础模型四叶草化，探讨了优化后模型四叶草弧度以及翅片列数带来的影响；最后分析了3种模型的Nusselt数、压降以及综合评价指标（HTPF）随Reynolds数的变化趋势。结果表明：当四叶草型翅片的弧度为37.5°，翅片的行列数为5行11列时，与圆形翅片直径为4 mm的模型相比，综合性能达到最高，提高了1.54%；采用正交实验得出4片四叶草翅片的角度以及四叶草内圆半径的最优解，该优化模型综合性能提高了4.56%。随着雷诺数的增加，液冷板在经过正交实验优化后，Nusselt、压降，以及HTPF均达到最优。

关键词: 电池热管理, 仿生型翅片, 传热特性, 正交实验

Abstract:

As two important factors of battery thermal management, temperature and pressure drop are of great significance to improve battery thermal performance. In order to further improve the thermal performance of the battery and to reduce the pressure drop and make the temperature distribution more uniform, a bionic four-leaf clover fin model was proposed, and the basic model was optimized based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The design structure of the inlet and outlet of the cold plate and the role of the size of the circular fin in the basic model were analyzed, and then the model of a four-leaf clover fin was proposed, and the influence of the optimized model's curvature and the number of fin rows was discussed. Finally, the variation trend of Nusselt number, pressure drop and comprehensive evaluation index of hydrothermal performance factor (HTPF) with Reynolds number of the 3 models was analyzed. The results show that when the radian of the four-leaf clover fin is 37.5° and the number of rows and column of the fin are 5 rows and 11 columns, the overall performance of the four-leaf clover fin is the highest, which is increased by 1.54% compared with that of the circular fin with a diameter of 4 mm; The angle of the 4 four-leaf clover fins and the optimal radius of the inner circle of the four-leaf clover are obtained by orthogonal experiment, and the overall performance of the optimization model is improved by 4.56%. With the increase of Reynolds number, the Nusselt, the pressure drop and the HTPF of liquid cooled plate are optimized by orthogonal experiment.

Key words: battery thermal management, bionic fin, heat transfer characteristics, orthogonal experiment

中图分类号:

U464.138+2

赵浩东, 张甫仁, 路兴隆, 黄郅凯, 李雪, 孙世政. 仿生四叶草型翅片液冷板与传热特性[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2023, 14(5): 637-647.

ZHAO Haodong, ZHANG Furen, LU Xinglong, HUANG Zhikai, LI Xue, SUN Shizheng. Bionic four-leaf clover fin liquid cooling plate and heat transfer characteristics[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2023, 14(5): 637-647.

图/表 24

参考文献 23

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冷板长度，L_e	140 mm
冷板宽度，L_c	65 mm
边距，L_a	3 mm
边距，L_g	3 mm
两翅片间横向距离，L_f	10.3 mm
翅片中心与侧边距离，L_b	9.833 mm
翅片中心与侧边距离，L_d	10.3 mm

冷板长度，L_e	140 mm
冷板宽度，L_c	65 mm
边距，L_a	3 mm
边距，L_g	3 mm
两翅片间横向距离，L_f	10.3 mm
翅片中心与侧边距离，L_b	9.833 mm
翅片中心与侧边距离，L_d	10.3 mm

放电倍率	产热量/ kW·m^-3
1 C	15.935
2 C	42.858
3 C	80.769
4 C	129.670
5 C	189.560

放电倍率	产热量/ kW·m^-3
1 C	15.935
2 C	42.858
3 C	80.769
4 C	129.670
5 C	189.560

u_m / (g·s^-1)	T_exp / K	T_simu / K	ΔT / K
0.5	309.48	309.17	0.31
1.0	304.54	303.55	0.98
1.5	302.92	303.45	0.53
2.0	302.12	301.26	0.86